A Framework of Electricity Market Based on Two-Layer Stochastic Power Management for Microgrids

This Article Develops a Novel Multi-Microgrids (MMGs) Participation Framework in the Day-Ahead Energy and Ancillary Services, i.e. Services of Reactive Power Reserve Regulation, Markets Incorporating Smart Distribution Network (SDN) Objectives Based on Two-Layer Management System (PMS). A Bi-Level Optimization Structure Is Introduced Wherein Upper Level Models Optimal Scheduling SDN Presence MMGs While Considering Bilateral Coordination Between Microgrids (MGs) SDN’s Operators, Second Layer’s PMS. Layer Responsible for Minimizing Loss, Expected Not-Supplied, Voltage Security as Sum Weighted Functions. In Addition, Proposed Problem Subject to Linearized AC Flow (LAC-OPF), Reliability Constraints Make It More Practical. Lower Addresses MGs Competitive Market Among Sources, Active Loads MGs’ Operator (First PMS). The Formulation Then Tries Minimize Difference Cost Revenue Satisfying LAC-OPF Equations, Reliability, Security, Flexibility MGs. Karush–Kuhn–Tucker Method Exploited Achieve Single-Level Model. Moreover, Stochastic Programming Model Handle Uncertainties Load, Renewable Power, Price, Demand Mobile Storage, Availability Equipment. Simulation Results Confirm Capabilities Suggested Scheme Simultaneous Evaluation Status Different Technical Economic Indices